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NABOTA |
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1. Botulinum Toxins
Botulinum toxin is a protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, and is considered the most powerful neurotoxin ever discovered. Botulinum toxin causes Botulism poisoning, a serious and life-threatening illness in humans and animals. When introduced intravenously in monkeys, type A (popularly called Botox) of the toxin exhibits an LD50 of 40-56 ng.
2. Mechanism of Botulinum toxins
- Botulninum Toxin Invade
- Cut off the SNARE Proteins
- No Acetylcholine release
- Relaxation of Muscles
Botulinum toxin is a "blocking agent" preventing the release of certain neurotransmitters, specifically Acetylcholine, from the endings of the motor nerves. Botulinum toxin has a light chain and a heavy chain, each of which contributes to the toxicity. The heavy chain allows the protein to bind to and enter a neuron. After the heavy chain allows entry, the light chain acts like a protease and cleaves proteins that would normally allow neurotransmitters to leave the cell. This is essentially a disruption of exocytosis or the release of neurotransmitters. The blocked neurotransmitter, Acetylcholine, normally transmits a nerve impulse to a muscle, signaling the muscle to contract. By blocking this neurotransmitter, botulinum toxin causes its characteristic flaccid paralysis.
3. General Applications of Botulinum toxin Type A (BTX-A)
- Blepharospasm and strabismus Flanders M et al. (1987) and BOTOX approved by FDA (1989).
- Cosmetic effect on wrinkles Carruthers JD and Carruthers JA (1992).
- Sweating Khalaf Bushara and David Park (1994).
- Cervical dystonia Brin MF et al. (1999).
- Upper motor neuron syndrome"Botox injections get Australian man out of wheelchair (2009).
- Chronic migraine Dodick DW et al. (2010).
4. Daewoong botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A).
Daewoong botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is originated from wild-type Clostridium botulinum, not GMO (genetically modified organisms) and purified using new 21st century process, not 20th. This up-to-date process gives you the best quality BTX-A in the world.
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